Automatic PCB Dismantling Machine Electronic Component Removal Equipment Desoldering Recycling for Waste Circuit Board
Definition
An Automatic PCB Dismantling Machine (also known as an electronic component removal equipment, desoldering machine, or PCB depopulation machine) is a specialized automated system designed to separate electronic components from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) for the purpose of recycling and resource recovery.
It is a critical piece of equipment in the e-waste recycling industry, serving as the essential first step in the waste PCB recycling chain. Instead of crushing entire boards, which mixes valuable components with base materials and complicates recovery, this machine uses a "disassembly first, sorting later" philosophy. It employs heat to melt solder and mechanical force to remove components, thus preserving the integrity of both the parts and the bare board for more efficient downstream processing.
Description
The Automatic PCB Dismantling Machine is a robust, integrated system designed for continuous industrial operation.
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Core Function: Its primary purpose is to remove electronic components like CPUs, capacitors, relays, and connectors from waste PCBs by melting the solder that holds them in place.
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"Disassembly First" Approach: Unlike methods that shred entire boards, this machine first separates components. This creates two distinct material streams: a bare PCB substrate and a collection of detached components. Each can then be processed using the most efficient recycling method, preventing high-value metals in components from being diluted.
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Construction: The system is typically comprised of several key integrated units:
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Desoldering/Heating System: Heats the board to melt solder.
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Automatic Dismantling Unit: Uses mechanical scrapers or rotating mechanisms to remove components.
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Conveyor Platform: Continuously feeds boards in and removes processed materials.
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Dust Extraction & Collection System: Captures dust and fumes for a cleaner, safer operation.
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Electrical Control System: A PLC or similar system for centralized management of temperature, speed, and overall operation.
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Throughput: The equipment is designed for high-volume processing, with a single-unit capacity typically ranging from 300 to 500 kg per hour.
Specifications
| Basic parameter configuration |
| Models |
H445A-LF |
| Number of heating zones |
Up 4/Down 4 |
| Length of Heating Zone |
1200mm |
| Cooling |
Outlet fan cooling |
| Bandwidth |
450mm |
| Guide rail width adjustment |
350mm |
| PCB board element height limit |
Up to 30mm |
| Size of the whole machine |
1800*900*1450mm |
| Direction of Transport |
Left → right |
| Mode of transmission |
Mesh belt drive |
| Belt Speed |
300-1800mm/min |
| Power Supply |
3 phase 5 line 380V 50/60Hz |
| Total Power |
24KW |
| Control configuration |
| Whole Machine Control Mode |
Instrument control |
| Heating Time |
About 20 minutes |
| Temperature Control Range |
Room temperature-350 °C |
| Temperature Control Mode |
Industrial Temperature Control Module Control, SSR drive |
| Temperature control accuracy |
± 2℃ |
| PCB board temperature distribution deviation |
± 3℃ |
| Heating components |
| Hot Air Motor |
High temperature resistant long shaft motor, 2800rpm |
| Heating element |
Special long-life winding type heater, high thermal efficiency and sensitivity, thermal inertia is small |
| Wind tunnel structure |
High-efficiency accelerating air duct to provide sufficient circulating air volume |
| Ventilation system |
Forced draft device to ensure that flux steam does not leak out |
| Body structure |
| Frame structure |
The whole frame is welded structure, strong and durable |
| Door structure |
Both are dismountable structures providing maximum maintenance space |
| Key accessory brand models |
| Transportation Motor, Tooth Box |
Two-phase 90W dental box 1:100 |
| Thermostat |
RKC |
| Governor |
Kim Yo |
| Intermediate relay |
A good 8 feet 24V |
| Hot Wire |
2.5 kw |
| Relay |
Yangming 40A |
| Air Switch Zhengtai |
Zhengtai 60A |
| AC contactor |
Jung Tae |
| Thermocouple |
Insulation Type K |
| Button switch |
Schneider |
Key Features
| Feature Category |
Specific Features |
Benefit / Description |
| Automation & Efficiency |
Highly Automated |
Integrates desoldering, disassembly, conveying, and dust removal into one system, significantly reducing manual intervention. |
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Continuous Operation |
Capable of running continuously, making it ideal for medium to large-scale e-waste processing lines. |
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High Processing Capacity |
Typical throughput is 300–500 kg/h, greatly outperforming manual methods. |
| Precision & Control |
Precise Temperature Control |
Features an automatic temperature control system, typically adjustable from 25–300°C, to precisely melt solder without damaging components or causing metal oxidation. |
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Minimized Component Damage |
The controlled heating and mechanical removal process is designed to separate components without destroying their structure, preserving their value. |
| Safety & Environment |
Eco-Friendly Design |
Equipped with automatic dust extraction and exhaust gas treatment systems to minimize dust dispersion, capture fumes, and reduce harmful emissions. |
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Durable & Safe Construction |
Built with reinforced steel plates and insulation for safe, reliable operation and a long service life. |
| Economic Value |
High Recovery Rates |
Enables high-purity recovery of materials; for example, some systems achieve copper recovery rates over 98% and tin recovery rates over 91%. |
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Significant Labor Savings |
Requires only two operators to achieve continuous production, drastically reducing labor costs compared to manual dismantling. |
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Compact Footprint |
A compact structure allows for easy integration into existing recycling workshops. |
Applications
This machine is a core component in the resource recovery process for electronic waste.
| Application Area |
Specific Use Cases |
| Recycling of Waste Appliances |
Dismantling electronic components from the circuit boards of discarded household appliances like televisions, air conditioners, refrigerators, and washing machines. |
| E-Waste Processing Enterprises |
Used by specialized companies to separate and recover electronic components from various types of discarded PCB boards. |
| Recovered Resources Industry |
Serves as the critical front-end process for subsequent metal recovery and sorting, preparing materials for more efficient downstream operations. |
| High-Value Component Recovery |
Particularly effective for circuit boards containing high-value components such as CPUs, IC chips, gold-finger connectors, and surface-mount capacitors. It preserves these for precious metal extraction. |
| Waste Board Types |
Suitable for a wide variety of waste boards, including computer motherboards, mobile phone boards, TV boards, and single-layer, double-layer, and multi-layer PCBs. |
| Environmental Treatment Projects |
Meets the demand for standardized, large-scale, and environmentally compliant processing of electronic waste. |
The Automatic PCB Dismantling Machine is a vital tool for modern e-waste recycling, transforming a complex environmental problem into an economically viable resource recovery opportunity by enabling efficient, safe, and high-purity separation of valuable materials.
